Oiling means for gyratory crushers



y' 13 1926. 1,592,314 E. B. SYMONS OILING MEANS FOR GYRATORY CRUSHERS Filed June 4. 1925 3 Sheets-$11951. 1

E. B. SYMONS QILING MEANS FOR GYRATORY CRUSHERS Filed June 4. 1925 3 Sheets-Shut 2 QQQVJ.

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3 Sheets-Shoat 5 E. B. SYMONS OILING MEANS FOR GYRA'IORY CRUSHERS Filed June 4. 1925 Patented July 13, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' new 3. .smons, or nos nneanns, camromna, assrsuon '10 sYmoNs Bno'rnnns 001mm, or urnwauxna, WISCONSIN, A conronarron or sou'rn nexo'ral OILING MEANS FOR .GYRA'IORY CRUSHERS.

Application filed June 4, 1925. Serial u 84,796.

My invention relates to improvements in gyrato cone crushing machines of the type in whic the material to be crushed is fed, or is allowed to flow by gravity, through a crushing zone between a normally fixed concave and acone gyrating withinthe concave.

' means are provided to permit a very fine adjustment of cone and concave. Another ob-' til Oneobject of my invention is to provide a new and improved type of gyratory crusher adapted for fine crushing. Another object is to provide such a crusher wherein ect is to rovide opposed yieldingly supported crus ing elements in such a crusher. Another object is to provide a yieldingly supported crushing concave. Another ob- ]ect is to provide a gyratory crusher for fine reduction, which can be set for small sizes of output without risk of stoppage or breakage upon. the passage through the crushing zone of relatively large masses of uncrushable material. Another object is to provide a simple and effective oiling system to prevent the entry of dust, water or other foreign materials into the bearings, andto prevent oil leakage.

Other objects will appear from time to time in the course of the specification and claims. i

My invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings, wherem- Figure 1 is a vertical axial section with parts broken away Figure 2 is a detail section of the portion not shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional plan view section on the line 33 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a detail section on the line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail section on the line 55 of Figure 1.

Like parts are indicated bv like symbols throughout the specification and drawings. A is a bed or support upon which rests a frame A provided at its base with the horizontal reinforcing flange A and strengthened by the vertical reinforcing flanges A.

Projecting inwardly from the frame A are the radial flanges or ribs or frame members A, which join and support the central cylindrical housing B.

The housing or cylinder B is outwardly expanded adjacent its upper end, as at B.

A suitable bearing member or sleeve B, of suitable anti-friction material, penetrates the upper end of the cylinder, its outwardly projectin flange B resting upon the top B of the cy inder.

The bottom of the cylinder is closed, for example by the cap C, which may be bolted as at C and which supports the lower bearing sleeve or anti-friction member C. The top of the cap 0 is provided with any suitab e anti-frictional surfacing, herein illustrated as the inset blocks C of any suitable but preferably highly wear resistant anti-frictional metal.

Penetrating the cylinder. Bin bearing contact with the sleeves B and C" is the eccentrio sleeve D. It is provided at its upper end with the outwardly projecting ring gear D inclosed within the space defined by the wall B and projecting outwardly and downwardly beyond the upper edge B of i the cylinder. It is provided at one point in' its periphe% with the upwardly hollow enlargement adapted to receive a variable qgantity of lead or other heavy material The sleeve D is eccentrically apertured from the top to the bottom, the aperture comprising, or example, an upper bore D of maximum diameter, an intermediate bore D of intermediate diameter, and a lower bore D of minimum diameter, beneath which is the somewhat enlarged aperture or depression D in the bottom of the shaft. The several bores or stages are co-axial and are aligned along an axis both eccentric to and inclined to the axis of the cylinder B, but intersecting such axis at the point X, the significance of which will appear later. The sleeve D is supported by the rotating plate D", which rests upon the pads or blocks 0% It is centrally apertured as at D, and is provided with an eccentric stud or upward rojection D adapted to engage the oppose aperture D in the bottom of the sleeve D The c lindrical housing B is at one side provide with the outwardly projecting shaft housing E, herein shown as integra with it. supporting sleeve E bolted to the main frame, for example, as at E. The sleeve E is enlarged or socketed at either end, as at E, E, to'receive the anti-frictional bear- Mountedtherewithin is the shaft I ings or bushings E", E. Mounted in said bearings is the drive shaft E, to the inner end of which is keyed the beveled pinion E in mesh with the gear D. The outer bushing E is contacted by the ring E", of angular cross-section, which in turn is surrounded by the flanged plate E bolted to "the outer end of the sleeve E. E is a pulmesh with it is the beveled pinion G keyed to the vertical shaft G? housed within the support G At the lower end of said shaft G is any suitable rotary oil pump, herein diagrammatically illustrated as at G The top of the housing B is closed by the cover plate H, which is provided with the spherical bearing portion H herein shown as of some suitable anti-friction material, which may be removed and renewed. Surrounding the bearing portion H is the circmmferential well or sump H beyond which is the spherical bearing portion H provided with any suitable washer or oil wiping member H. H is a passage from the sump H adapted to deliver the oil contained therein to the parts inclosed by the housing B.

Mounted'in the eccentric D is the shaft comprising an intermediate tapered portion J, an upper cylindrical portion J 2 of minimum cross-section, a central cylindrical portion J of maximum diameter, and the cylindrical sections of progressively reduced diameter, J and J The ortions J J and J of the shaft are contained within the portions D, D and D", respectively, of the aperture of the eccentric D. The shaft is axially apertured as at J", the aperture extending from the bottom of the shaft to a point within the inclined portion J. J 1 is an oil passage extending laterally from it to the outside of the shaft adjacent its top. J and J are similar lateral oil ducts POSI- tioned, res ctively, just beneath the termination of t e c lindrical sections J and J The shaft axially engages the sleeve K of suitable anti-friction material. The crosssection of its interior aperture conforms to the cross-section of the various portions of the shaft, but the aperture of corresponding ,bore in each case continues below the termination of the correspondin cylindrical shaft section, as at K and The open s aces so formed are aligned with the oiling ucts J and J", respectively. K is an oiling passage in the eccentric D- aligned with the oiling duct J and the annular space K and communicating with the interval or space K between the upper and meaera lower anti-friction members 13 and C K is a vertical key extending from top to bottom of said sleeves. K is a vertical key let in the inside surface D* of the eccentric D, and adapted to prevent relative rotation of the sleeve K and the eccentric D.

L is a crushing cone seated upon the tapered portion J of the shaft. It is provided with an integral spherical bearing portion L adapted to conform to and to engage the opposed spherical bearing surface H on the cap H. It is provided with an integral downwardly and outwardly projecting skirt L inwardly projec ting from which is the annular flange L provided with the s herical bearing surface L concentric witii the surface L and adapted to engage the packing H of the member H The surface L is broken by a circumferential oil duct L, which is connected by means of the radial ductL with the central aperture of the cap H. The hollow interior L of the head communicates with the oil duct J 7 and is provided with an oil duct L leading to the circumferential oil channel or duct L, at an angle of 180 from the duct L.

M, M are mantle members mounted on the head L and directly contacting, for example, the zinc layer M M isa securin sleeve slida-ble alon the u r c lin-' g g zi imov ided drical portion J 2 of the shaft an with a downwardly and outwardly flaring or conic portion M, ada ted to engage the upper edge of the mant e section M but normally out of engagement with the head L. The upper end of the shaft is screwthreaded as at M, and is surrounded by the locking sleeve or nut M, screw-threaded in conformity with it. M are handles or turning studs whereby the nut- M may be rotated to exert a downward thrust against the sleeve M, and thus against the mantle section M and the head L. M is any suitable key member adapted to be inserted between the nut M and the screwthreaded portion of the shaft, to prevent their further relative movement.

The upper end of the shaft is axially apertured as. at N, to receive the stub N of the deflector plate N. The plate consists of the central spherical portion N concentric with the bearing surfaces L and L their common center being the point indicated as X. N is a relatively flattened rim outwardly projecting from the spherical portion N The deflector plate is preferably but not necessarily a casting.

Slidably mounted within the lower fixed frame portion A is the upper axially movable frame member 0. It is provided with a plurality of outwardly projecting ears preferably three in number, apertured as at 0 the upper and lower portions of such apertures being beveled as at O, O. P are securing bolts pivoted as at l? to the fixed frame member A The base portlon is apertured as, at P to permit the passage therethrough of the transverse securing conform to the beveled surfaces and O.

It will be understood that the bolt P is of smaller cross-section than. the aperture 0 outer of which conforms generally to the shape of the upper edge of the frame memher 0. .The ring Q is centrally flanged as at Q about its interior aperture, and is provided with the strengthening ribs Q. It is apertured at a number of properly spaced points to permit the passage therethrough of the bolts Q, sup rted in position, for example by the nuts Supported by said bolts within. the member Q is the ring Q, supporting the concave Q, and provided with thecircumferential ridge Q conforming generally to the shape 0 the groove Q of the ring Q. Q is anv suitable cover plate for the ring Q" and Q", Q are separate mantle sections supported in position, for example by the outwardly pro ecting ears Q mounted upon the bolts Q. The mantle section Q tenninates in a circumferential flange Q through which pass the bolts Q. Q is a sto ring of angular cross-section, adapted to e seated against the flange 0 of the frame or housing portion O. 'Q are spiral springs adapted to be compressed between the fiange Q and ring Q The bolts P are upwardly reduced as at R, and

v are'provided with supporting nuts R, upon the upper surfaces of which seat the termi nal portions R of the arms R which support the ring 'R of the apron R. The apron is preferably, although not necessarilv, formed of flexible material, such as belting. R is the centrally positioned feed spout connected to the ring R in any suitable manner, and R is any suitable cover plate. R is a housing, for example of sheet iron, seated upon the flange Q of the ring Q and upwardly projecting about the flexible apron R". R is any suitable key adapted to prevent rotation of the nut R. .-S is any suitable oil tank, from which extends the oil feed line S through which oil maybe passed, for example by the rotary pump Gr earlier described. The oil line 5 extends to the cap C and through the passage S therein and through the central aperture S and the a rture'D through the plate D. S is to return line passing through the shaft housing E, through the pipe section S and thereby back to the oil tank S. It communicates with the space S, in which is positioned the beveled pinion E S is a ledge formed in the upper part of the same chamber and communicating by an oil duct S with the bearings of the shaft E".

It will be realized that whereas I have described and shown an operative device nevertheless many changes may be made 1n the size, shape, number and disposition of parts wtihout departing from the spirit of my invention, and that I therefore wish my drawings and description to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative, rather than as. limiting me to my specific showing.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows:

When the machine'is set u as shown in the drawings the drive shaft is rotated and causes the eccentric sleeve to rotate in its bearing. As the eccentric rotates it gyrates the shaft, and through the shaft it gyrates the cone or crushing head about its large spherical bearing. Upon the cone is mounted the mantle which actually engagesthe material being crushed. The mantle portions are seated upon the cone and the cone is seated upon the shaft by means of the, clamping sleeve and the screwthreaded nut.

3 Since I use my crusher for fine reduction and wish to set'the cone very close to the mantle, I provide a yielding release which will permit the passage through the crushing zone of uncrushable material, when by any chance it passes therethrough, without either stopping the machine or causing breakage; I obtain thisresult by providing a spring release for the crushing concave. I

suspend the concave by means of a set of bolts passing through the plate or rin Q and depending from it'and passing thro gh the circumferential flange Q about the bottom of the concave.- The mantle is locked in position by the same bolts by means of the ears Q through which the bolts also pass. The strength of the spiral springs Q is such that, under all normal conditions, the

time on act as one piece. If a non-crushable I operation. However, the

substance is introduced between'the cone and the concave, causing the concave to be lifted on one side, the flange Q will raise and compress the sprin s, because the angle ring Q is held rigi ly to place by the holding bolts Q and the flange 0 The concave and the ring Q lift as a unit and pivot about a point diametrically opposed to the location of the interfering object, the beveled upper edge of the ring 0 serving as the ivot. Thus, if a piece of iron passes 'throug the crushing zone, the concave, instead of cracking, will tilt, and it will tilt before the machine can be stopped b the obstruction. If the material being crus ed is damp and compresses into an uncrushable mass, the' machine will not tend to stop, as is the case with unrelieved crushing members, but the only unfavorable result will be that a little over-size and a few flakes of compressed material will pass through the crushing zone.

The material to be crushed is fed in from above, falling freely under gravity into the crushing space between the concave and the cone. As the cone gyrates, the material being crushed will be wedged or pinched between it and the concave and each particle, as soon as it has been crushed, Wlll commenee to fall freely away from the concave, the distance of its fall depending on the relation between the acceleration due to gravity, the rate and length of gyration of the cone, and the size of t e particle. The particles will fall vertically until they strike the cone and will then be deflected outwardly and downwardly until they reach a'point at which the distance between the cone and concave, at the distance the particles arrive, is

equal to the diameter of the particular particles. At this point the downward movement of the particles ceases until they have been crushed and released, and the process is repeated in a sequence of similar successive drops, lateral conveying excursions, and ac-.

tual erushin excursions.

Vertical justment of the concave is provided by means of a plurality of adjusting screws, preferably three in number. screws are pivoted upon a fixed base A but are held normall in vertical position. They loosely engage t e apertures of the flanges of the vertically movable frame member 0.

The said frame member is adjusted for These.

sired hei ht and the ear 0 is raised to contact tfie bottom of the nut P and the nut P is then screwed up to the proper position. Since there is something of a play etween the apertures of said ears and the supporting bo ts, it is possible to make the ad ustments one at a time, without even stopping the operation of the crusher.

The material to be crushed may, if desired, be permitted to accumulate in any suitable species of hopper or container above the cover plate R. 'In any case the material flows through the central aperture and forms a column resting on the feed or deflector late N This column is of generally conic orm and material from its base is continuously fed outwardly by the rotation and gyration of the plate. The cover plate may be vertically adjusted along the reduced portions R of the supporting bolts P, as shown, in order to regu ate the flow of material to the feed plate. When so adjusted the feed plate will feed a substantiall constant volume of material to the crus ing zone, the material being delivered substantially uniformly about the annular entrance into the crushing zone, the point of maximum feed being the iowest point of the edge of the plate, and moving around the plate as the plate is gyrated.

By making the apron R flexible, I prevent any tendency of binding or wear between said apron and the housing R, which is preferably fixed in relation to the ring Q and, of course, moves with it when the ring Q is tilted in response to the passage of uncrushable material through the crushing zone.

he oiling system is simple and is entirely concealed and internal, the oil being supplied to all bearings from a single oil reservoir. Oil may be pumped in any suitable manner from the oil tank G. I have illustrated a rotary pump driven from the shaft E but any other suitable pumping means may be employed. The oil is pumped along the inlet line S to the plate C wherein is formed the passage S aligned with the central aperture 8*. The oil passes therethrough and through the central aperture B of the rotating bearing plate D. It passes thence to the space D formed in the bottom of the eccentric sleeve D in line with the shaft receivin aperture. The members C being raised aEove the level of the surface in which they are set the oil penetrates freel thereabout and lubricates the bearing between them and the rotating plate. The pumping means serve to force the oil up the longitudinal main oil duct J of the shaft. Some of the oil so pumped passes to the top of the duct and outwardly through the oil passage J into the hollow of the crushing head. It flows thence downwardly through the passage L to the circumferential 'duct L formed in the lower spherical bearing face of the crushing head. As the head is gyrated on the spherical bearing the; oil is wi ed across the opposed bearing surfaces. he surplus oil flows inwardly toward the shaft along the radial oil passage L" which is positioned at an angle of 180 to the outlet of the oil passage L Thus the oilpasses in a double stream about the passage L, the two streams converging on the passage L7. Some of the oil surfaces above and below it.

passes outwardly over the edge of the spherical bearing H into the sumpzI-I whence it flows by' the assage H into the space enclosed by the ousing B The rest of it flows inwardly along the passage L and downwardly along the shaft, flowing outwardly across the gear I) or to some exearing.

The lubrication of the shaft proper however is obtained through the radial oiling passages J J. These passages reach the surface of the shaft which is beneath the ledges formed between the generally 0 lindrical sections J and J and J an J respectively. At these points there are the.

through the passage to reach the hearing The oil all flows back-intothe space S and thence along the return passage S and the return pi e S to the tank. In order to lubricate t e bearings of the shaft E" I provide the oil gathering inlet S" which receives the oil as it is splashed by the gear I) and the pinion E. It passes downwardly along the assage S to the rest of the shaft between t e bearing sleeves E and E and works alon said bearing sleeves sufficiently to provi e such lubrication as is necessary.

I claim: 1. In a gyratory crusher, a crusher shaft, an eccentric sleeve thereabout and means for rotating it, a bearing memberfor said eccentric'sleeve, a ems ing he'ad mounted on said shaft above said eccentricand abearing su 'ort therefor, said shaft being lon 't'udina y penetrated by an oil duct an by a lurahty of oil passa es extendi outwardis from said duct to t 0 surface 0 said shaft, one of said passages extending to the bearing surface of the shaft, and an oiling. connection between another 'of said passages and the bearing surface of the head-v 2. In a gyratory crusher, a crusher shaft,

20 Eentpenetrating between-the shaft and its rmits the oil flowing.

an eccentric sleeve thereabout and means for rotating it, a bearing member for said eccentricsleeve, a conic crushing head mounted on said shaft and having a spherical lower bearing portion, a spherical surfaced support in bearing contact therewith, the shaft being penetrated by a longitudinal oil duct and by oil passages outwardly extending therefrom to the surface of the shaft, one of said passages extending to the bearing surface of the shaft and an oiling connection between another of said passages and the spherical bearing surface of the head. I a

3. In a gyratory crusher, a crusher shaft, and means for rotating it, a crusher head mounted thereon and provided with a s herical lower bearing surface, a spherica surfaced supporting member adapted to support said head, said shaft being penetrated by a longitudinal oil duct and by an oil passage extending thence to the interior of said head, said head being penetrated by an .oil passage in connection therewith and extending to said spherical bearing surface.

4. In a gyratory crusher, a crusher shaft, and means for rotating it, a crusher head mounted thereon and provided with a s herical lowerbearing surface, a spherica surfaced supporting member adapted to support said head, said shaft beingv penetrated by a longitudinal oil duct and y an oil passa extendin thence to'the interior of said hea said hea being enetrated by an oil assage in connection. erewith and exte'n 'ng to said spherical bearing surface, the spherical bearing surface having formed in it an open annular'oiling duct in communication with said above mentioned oiling passa 5. In. a gyratory crusher, a c er shaft, and means for rotating it a crusher head mounted thereon and provided with a s herical lower bearing surface, a spheriea surfaced supporting member adapted to sup- Eort said head, said shaft being penetrated y a longitudinal oil duct and by an oil passage extending thence to the interior of said head, said head being penetrated by an oil passage in connection therewith and extendin to said s herical bearing. surface, thesp erical bearing surface having formed in it an open annular oiling duct in communication with said above mentioned oiling passage, and a radial oiling slot extending inspherical bearing surface having formed in it an open annular oiling duct in communication with said above mentioned oiling passage, and a radial oiling slot extending inwardly fromsaid annular duct at an angle of about 180? from the connection between said annular duct and said oiling passage.

7. In a gyratory crusher, a stepped crusher shaft, an eccentric sleeve thereabout, and means for rotating it, the interior of said sleeve being stepped to conform to the steps of said shaft, the ledges intermediate t e steps of shaft and bearin receptacle being s aced apart, the shaft eing enetrated by a ongitudinal oiling duct an by oilin passages extending outwardly from sai duct to the surface of said shaft, said passages being aligned with the open space provided by the interval between the opposed ledges on said shaft and bearing.

' '8. In a ratory crusher a crusher shaft having a p urality of sections of difiering diameter, an eccentric sleeve thereabout and means for rotatingit, the interior of said sleeve conforming generally to the shape of said shaft, the op osed walls of shaft and sleeve being space apart at a plurality of points along said shaft, the shaft being penetrated by a longitudinal oiling duct and by oiling passages extending outwardl fromsaid duct to the surface of said s aft at points adjacent the zones of clearance between the opposed surfaces of shaft and sleeve.

9. In a gyratory crusher, a stepped orusher shaft, comprising a plurality of sections of different diameter, the diameter of said sections being generally uniform, an eccentric sleeve thereabout and means for rotating it, the interior of said sleeve being stepped to conform to the steps of said shaft, the opposed surfaces of shaft and sleeve being spaced apart adjacent each change of diameter of the shaft, the shaft being penetratedby a longitudinal oilin duct and by oiling passages extending to t e surface of said shaft adjacent the zones of clearance between shaft and sleeve.

10. In a .gyratory crusher, a crusher shaft, an eccentric sleeve thereabout and means for rotating it, a housing member surrounding said central sleeve and in bearing relation therewith, said shaft bei penetrated by a longitudinal interior oil uct and by an oiling passage extendin outwardly from said duct to the surface 0 said shaft, said eccentric being penetrated by an oiling passage extendin to its exterior bearing surface, the sur ace of said bearing housing being broken b a vertical oiling duct and an oil connection etween said vertical duct and the oiling passage extending through the eccentric.

i 11. In a gyratory crusher, a crusher shaft, an eccentric sleeve thereabout and means for aeeaeae rotating it, a bearing housing surrounding said eccentric sleeve, a closure for the bottom thereof, said closure being adapted to support the weight'of said eccentric, an oil line extending to and through said closure and means for moving oil therealong, a centrally apertured anti-friction bearing supported in said closure, a centrally apertured disc rotating thereupon in unison with the eccentric, the bottom of the eccentric being apertured to permit the access of oil to the bottom of the shaft, the shaft being penetrated by a longitudinal oiling duct and oiling passages outwardly extending there from to the surface of the shaft.

12. A gyrato crusher, comprising a gyratory shaft an means for rotating it, and a crushing head mounted on said shaft and a supporting bearing member therefor, the shaft being longitudinally penetrated by an oiling duct and by oilin passages extending outwardly from sai duct to the bearing surface of said shaft and by another oiling passage extending through the head to the supporting bearing surface of said head.

13. In a gyratory crusher, a crusher shaft, an eccentric sleeve thereabout and means for rotating it, a bearing housing for said eccentric sleeve, a bottom closure therefor adapted to support said eccentric, an antifriction member mounted on said closure, a plurality of pads of. anti-frictional material pro'ecting upwardly from the surface of sai member, and means for supplying oil ggross the surface of said anti-friction mem- 14. In a gyratory crusher, a conic head, the lower portion of said head being spherically formed, a supplort for said head having a bearin surface s aped to conform to the lower sp erical bearing portion of said head,

a shaft upon which said head is mounted said shaft being penetrated by an interior oil duct, and by an oil passage extending thence to the surface of the shaft within the head, said head being penetratedby an oiling passage extending to the lower spherical bearing surface thereof.

15. In a gyratory crusher, a conic head, the lowerportion of said head bein spherically formed, a sup ort for said he having a bearin surface s aped to conform to the lower sp erical bearing portion of said head, a shaft upon which said head is mounted said shaft being penetrated by an interior oil duct, and by an oil passa e exten are thence to the surface of the she within the net ' tory shaft and means for rotating it, a crushextending through the shaft and head to the ing head positively secured to said shaft and supporting bearing surface of the head. a supporting bearing member therefor, the Signed at Chicago, county of Cook and l shaft being longitudinally penetrated by an State of Illinois, this 22nd day of May 5 oiling duct, by an oiling passage extending 1925.

outwardly from said duct, to the outer surface of the shaft, and by an oiling passage EDGAR B. SYMONS. 

